A Church History Series: The Early Church – The Apostle Andrew

The Apostle Andrew - The First-Called Disciple and Builder of the Early Church

Andrew the Apostle—often called Protokletos, the “first-called”—stands as one of the most significant yet often underappreciated figures of early Christianity. Known for his humility, his gift for bringing others to Christ, and his tireless missionary work, Andrew helped shape the earliest foundations of the Church in ways that continue to echo through Christian history.

The First to Follow Christ

Before encountering Jesus, Andrew was a devoted disciple of John the Baptist. Everything changed when he heard John declare Jesus to be “the Lamb of God.” Without hesitation, Andrew left John and followed Jesus, spending time with Him and becoming the very first of the twelve disciples to answer Christ’s call.

This quick responsiveness became a defining trait of Andrew’s ministry. He did not merely follow—he invited others to follow with him.

Andrew the Bridge-Builder

One of Andrew’s most distinctive qualities is his consistent role as a connector—constantly leading people to Jesus.

Bringing Peter to Christ

Perhaps his greatest act was introducing his brother, Simon, to Jesus. That single moment set into motion Peter’s eventual leadership of the early Church and his role as a foundational apostle.

Bringing the Boy With the Loaves and Fishes

In the miracle of the feeding of the 5,000, Andrew is the one who noticed the boy with five loaves and two fish, bringing him to Jesus. His attentive, observant nature positioned him as a quiet catalyst in one of Christ’s greatest miracles.

Leading the Greeks to Jesus

Later, when a group of Greeks sought to meet Jesus, it was Andrew who brought them forward, showing his openness to expanding Christ’s reach beyond Jewish audiences.

Andrew’s ministry exemplifies a simple but profound truth: great spiritual movements often begin with small acts of faithful introduction.

Missionary Journeys Across the Ancient World

After Pentecost and the empowerment of the Holy Spirit, Andrew embarked on extensive missionary travels. Early Christian tradition records that he preached in:

• Asia Minor (modern Turkey)

• Greece and Macedonia

• Regions around the Black Sea, including Scythia—areas encompassing modern Ukraine and Russia

In some second-century traditions, Andrew was even described as the administrative leader of the apostles, valued for his even temperament and organizational skill. Whether or not this formal role existed, his influence on the spread of the Gospel across vast regions is undeniable.

Martyrdom in Achaea and the Iconic St. Andrew’s Cross

Andrew’s dedication to preaching Christ ultimately led to his martyrdom in Patras, Achaea (Greece) between A.D. 60–70, during Nero’s reign.

His Crucifixion

Early Christian accounts describe Andrew being crucified by order of the Roman governor after converting many people— including the governor’s own wife.

Andrew requested to be crucified on an X-shaped cross (crux decussata), feeling unworthy to die in the same manner as Jesus. Bound rather than nailed, he endured prolonged suffering and continued preaching for two to three days until his death.

A Symbol Through the Ages

The X-shaped “St. Andrew’s Cross” became a powerful emblem of humility and steadfast faith. It appears most famously on the national flag of Scotland and is honored in the symbolism of Russia and Greece, where Andrew is also celebrated as patron saint.

Why Andrew Still Matters Today

While some apostles are remembered for dramatic leadership or prolific writings, Andrew’s legacy is quieter—but no less powerful. He reminds the Church that:

• Evangelism often begins with introducing just one person to Christ.

• Influence is not measured by position, but by faithfulness.

• Humility and steadfast devotion can shape the course of history.

As the “first-called,” Andrew’s life illustrates the ripple effect of a single obedient response to Jesus’ invitation: “Come and see.”